Inne1

This article is about historical voivodeships in various countries. For more on the divisions of modern and historical Poland, see Voivodeships of Poland.

A voivodeship (/ˈvɔɪvoʊdʃɪp/ VOY-vohd-ship) or voivodate is the area administered by a voivode (governor) in several countries of central and eastern Europe. Voivodeships have existed since medieval times and the area of extent of voivodeship resembles that of a duchy in western medieval states, much as the title of voivode was equivalent to that of a duke. Other roughly equivalent titles and areas in medieval Eastern Europe included ban (bojan, vojin or bayan) and banate.

In a modern context, the word normally refers to one of the provinces (województwa) of Poland. As of 2024, Poland has 16 voivodeships.

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.

So twice five miles of fertile ground
With walls and towers were girdled round:
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.

Une terre au flanc maigre, âpre, avare, inclément
Où les vivants pensifs travaillent tristement,
Et qui donne à regret à cette race humaine
Un peu de pain pour tant de labeur et de peine ;
Des hommes durs, éclos sur ces sillons ingrats ;
Des cités d’où s’en vont, en se tordant les bras,
La charité, la paix, la foi, sœurs vénérables ;
L’orgueil chez les puissants et chez les misérables ;